Sustainability and the Environment

Método común de cálculo CNOSSOS-EU

El 13 de diciembre de 2018 se publicó en el BOE la Orden PCI/1319/2018, por la que se modifica el Anexo II del Real Decreto 1315/2005, estableciendo el método de cálculo CNOSSOS-EU, como método común para todos los Estados de la UE para el cálculo del ruido industrial, del ruido de aeronaves, del ruido ferroviario y del ruido del tráfico rodado.

El método de cálculo CNOSSOS-EU está descrito en la Directiva 2015/996 de la Comisión, por la que se establecen métodos comunes de evaluación del ruido en virtud de la Directiva 2002/49/CE del Parlamento Europeo y del Consejo, y en la Directiva Delegada 2021/1226 de la Comisión, por la que se modifica, para adaptarla al progreso científico y técnico, la Directiva 2015/996.

Esta nueva Directiva ha sido traspuesta a nuestro ordenamiento por la Orden PCM/80/2022 que entró en vigor el 11 de febrero de 2022.

Para poder aplicar este método, en el caso del ruido ferroviario ha sido necesario un trabajo previo consistente en la caracterización acústica de los diferentes vehículos ferroviarios, y de las diferentes tipologías de infraestructura, así como en la definición de los parámetros de configuración del modelo.

El resultado de este trabajo ha sido recogido en una GUIA, cuyo objetivo es ofrecer la información necesaria para el empleo del método CNOSSOS-EU en el cálculo del ruido ferroviario en las infraestructuras de ADIF y ADIF AV, a través de una serie de indicaciones que pretenden facilitar su implementación práctica para la elaboración de cualquier estudio acústico que requiera modelización.

GUÍA PARA LA APLICACIÓN DEL MÉTODO CNOSSOS-EU EN ADIF Y ADIF AV

Mapas de ruido

Noise maps and action plans

Strategic noise maps are a tool designed to evaluate the population's exposure to environmental noise as a consequence of the means of transport and the industry. They allow to determine the number of people exposed to values above the acoustic quality objectives established by the current legislation (Royal Decree 1367/2007).

Once the strategic noise maps are completed, the action plans must be drawn up.
These documents study in detail the areas identified in the strategic noise maps that are likely to exceed the Acoustic Quality Objectives (AQO) and they propose different corrective measures to achieve those objectives.
Adif was entrusted by the Ministry of Development to prepare said documents, while the Ministry was responsible for public information on this matter and for approving the documentation.
In compliance with the aforementioned legislation, on the first stage of the works, the railway sections with annual circulations exceeding 60,000 trains/year were studied, and on the second and subsequent stages the rest of the major railway axes were added (> 30,000 trains/year).
Strategic noise maps and noise action plans are reviewed, and if necessary, modified, at least every five years.

Stage 3 of strategic noise maps and action plans

As in stages 1 and 2, the sections to be studied have been divided into Strategic Map Units (SMU), so as to organise the various routes within a railway itinerary and give continuity to the sections, thus providing the study with greater functionality and facilitating a better understanding of the concept of"railway axis"
Information on stages 1 and 2 of the strategic noise maps and the noise action plans are available in the Noise Pollution Information System (SICA) of the Ministry of Ecological Transition and Demographic Challenge (MITECO).

En el caso de esta última fase se han analizado 1.277 km de la red ferroviaria, distribuidos en 28 Unidades de Mapa Estratégico:

- COLMENAR VIEJO – BIFURCACIÓN CHAMARTÍN – BIFURCACIÓN PRÍNCIPE PIO
- MADRID CHAMARTÍN – EL ESCORIAL
- MADRID ATOCHA – GUADALAJARA
- MADRID ATOCHA – ARANJUEZ
- VILLAVERDE BAJO – VILLAVERDE ALTO – PARLA
- MÓSTOLES EL SOTO – HUMANES
- TRANSICIÓN DE ATOCHA
- MADRID CHAMARTÍN – HORTALEZA
- UNIV. CANTOBLANCO – ALCOBENDAS-S.S. REYES
- ZUMARRAGA – IRÚN
- ORDUÑA – SANTURTZI
- DESERTU BARAKALDO - MUSKIZ
- SOTO DEL REY – VERIÑA
- POLA DE LENA – ABLAÑA
- CASETAS – MIRAFLORES
- OVIEDO – EL BERRÓN
- SANTANDER - LA CANTABRICA
- XÁTIVA – VALENCIA NORD
- VALENCIA AG. AV – CASTELLÓUME
- TARRAGONA – BARCELONA SANTS
- BARCELONA SANTS – CALELLA
- BARCELONA SANTS – SANT VICENÇ DE CALDERS
- BIFURCACION VILANOVA – TERRASA
- BARCELONA SANTS – SANT CELONI
- BIFURCACIÓN ARAGÓ – BARCELONA FRANCIA
- MADRID PUERTA DE ATOCHA – BIF. MALAGA A.V.
- UTRERA - SEVILLA STA. JUSTA – BIF. LOS NARANJOS - LOS ROSALES
- MARIA ZAMBRANO – FUENGIROLA

Stage 3 strategic noise maps were made publicly available by the Ministry of Transport, Mobility and Urban Agenda on 3 October 2020 (BOE 262 of 3 October 2020).

Stage 3 strategic noise maps

Stages 1 and 2 of strategic noise maps and action plans.

Information on stages 1 and 2 of the strategic noise maps and the noise action plans are available in the Noise Pollution Information System (SICA) of the Ministry of Ecological Transition and Demographic Challenge (MITECO).

Noise pollution information system

Stage 2.

Kilometres studied

1,416 km

Strategic noise maps

Public information:

BOE (Official State Gazette) 242, of 6 October 2016

Authorisation:

Resolution of the Subdirectorate General of Railway Planning.
.BOE 206, of 28 July 2017

Action plans

Public information:
.
BOE 38, of 12 February 2018

Authorisation:

Resolution of the Subdirectorate General of Railway Planning
.BOE 235, of 28

Stage 1.

Kilometres studied

685 km

Strategic noise maps

Public information:

BOE 99, of 24 April 2008

Approval:

Resolution of the Directorate General of Railways of the Ministry of Development of 31 May 2013
.Resolution

Action plans

Public information:
.
BOE 286, of 28 November 2011

Approval:

Resolution of the Directorate General of Railways of the Ministry of Development of 31 May 2013
��Resolution

Dutch method - Acoustic characterisation of trains

The Netherlands national computation method, SRM II, published in “Reken-en Meetvoorschrift Railverkeerslawaai ´96” (“Guidelines for calculating and measuring rail transport noise 1996”) was the recommended method for calculating railway noise in Annex II of Royal Decree 11513/2005 until the aforementioned Order PCI/1319/2018 amending this legislation was published.
As technical instructions for implementing the CNOSSOS-EU method are not yet available, this section still includes information on acoustic equivalence across the categories of trains of the Dutch Method for use in the preparation of noise maps requiring a prediction of noise emitted by rail traffic.

Assignment of Dutch Model categories to Spanish trains